Recognise two different vowel signs

The school dictionary identifies sihari as the Gurmukhi sign for the short ਇ vowel. Keep the term attached to that particular sign rather than treating every small mark as interchangeable. In the checked heart spelling below, look for the sign written to the left of ਦ. Copy it with its base rather than separating it as a word of its own.[1]

The separate bihari entry identifies the sign for ਈ. Use its vowel-sign sense here, leaving the entry’s unrelated meanings aside. Compare the two checked words closely enough to locate their signs, while leaving spoken vowel quality and length for practice with an appropriate listening model.[2]

Locate sihari in heart

The dictionary records ਦਿਲ with heart and mind senses; use heart for this activity. Find ਦ, notice the sign on its left, and retain the following ਲ. Copy the whole word once, then locate the sign again without looking at the English meaning. This is a checked spelling, not an English phonetic transcription.[3]

Locate bihari in lamp

The separate entry gives ਦੀਵਾ for a lamp. Look at the sign beside ਦ and compare it with the heart example’s sign. Preserve the rest of the lamp spelling, including its later vowel sign. For the exercise, use the selected meaning to choose the whole checked word, then identify its first vowel sign as a second check.[4]

Your learning objective

Distinguish the vowel signs in ਦਿਲ and ਦੀਵਾ and match the lamp spelling with its meaning.

Prerequisites: Complete Gurmukhi lesson 11 before this lesson. Level 12 · Gurmukhi.

Check your understanding

Which checked word means lamp in this lesson?

Answer: ਦੀਵਾ. ਦੀਵਾ is the checked lamp spelling. The heart example ਦਿਲ has a different first vowel sign.

Interactive feedback and progress appear when the tools load. Answer evidence: PH-LAN-0042-S3 PH-LAN-0042-S4

Sources & notes

Source records include access dates and, where known, limits on what was examined. Checks used AI assistance; independent human or specialist review has not been completed.

  1. Joga Singh, editor; Punjabi University Punjabi Kosh (school level). Punjabi reference entry: ਸਿਹਾਰੀ ↗institutional dictionary or authored reference entry · Source date: 2014-02-24 (online block; print-edition date not established) · Locator: Exact named school-level Punjabi Kosh block under ਸਿਹਾਰੀ, before its author/source/date footer; web posting 2014-02-24 (print publication date not established). Accessed 2026-11-01.Actual complete named school-dictionary block inspected. Selected headword/gloss supplies lexical facts; copying, recognition and quiz directions are original teaching material. Other works on the aggregate page are separately identified.Return to Script form 3 ↑Return to Recognise two different vowel signs, paragraph 1 ↑
  2. Joga Singh, editor; Punjabi University Punjabi Kosh (school level). Punjabi reference entry: ਬਿਹਾਰੀ ↗institutional dictionary or authored reference entry · Source date: 2014-02-25 (online block; print-edition date not established) · Locator: Exact named school-level Punjabi Kosh block under ਬਿਹਾਰੀ, before its author/source/date footer; web posting 2014-02-25 (print publication date not established). Accessed 2026-11-01.Actual complete named school-dictionary block inspected. Selected headword/gloss supplies lexical facts; copying, recognition and quiz directions are original teaching material. Other works on the aggregate page are separately identified.Return to Script form 4 ↑Return to Recognise two different vowel signs, paragraph 2 ↑
  3. Bhai Maya Singh; Munshi Gulab Singh & Sons. The Panjabi Dictionary (1895): ਦਿਲ ↗historical lexicon, inspected original 1895 text · Source date: 1895 · Locator: Original 1895 edition, printed 320, PDF 338 (one-based); left column, DIL entry. Accessed 2026-11-01.The original printed entry and exact Gurmukhi headword were visually checked. Only the selected supported sense is used. Modern introductions, later additions and digital search results are not substituted for the printed entry.Return to Practice exercise ↑Return to Script form 1 ↑Return to Locate sihari in heart, paragraph 1 ↑
  4. Bhai Maya Singh; Munshi Gulab Singh & Sons. The Panjabi Dictionary (1895): ਦੀਵਾ ↗historical lexicon, inspected original 1895 text · Source date: 1895 · Locator: Original 1895 edition, printed 324, PDF 342 (one-based); left column, DIWA entries. Accessed 2026-11-01.The original printed entry and exact Gurmukhi headword were visually checked. Only the selected supported sense is used. Modern introductions, later additions and digital search results are not substituted for the printed entry.Return to Practice exercise ↑Return to Script form 2 ↑Return to Locate bihari in lamp, paragraph 1 ↑
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Record PH-LAN-0042 · English edition · human review not performed