Locate ain in knowledge

The dictionary records علم with knowledge or learning senses. Find ع at its beginning and follow the remaining letters before copying the complete headword. Compare that beginning with the isolated reference shape, keeping the word’s different internal connections intact. Cover the meaning and locate the initial again, then use the selected sense to check your association. A familiar meaning is a memory cue; the actual published spelling determines which letters belong in your copy.[2]

The ghain dot

The chart distinguishes ع and غ by the upper dot.[1]

The separate entry gives غریب with poor or impoverished senses. Find غ at its beginning and retain its dot before following the remaining letters. Copy the complete word beside the selected meaning, then check the initial without looking at the English cue. Do not remove the dot because another familiar letter has a similar outline. The exercise uses these full checked words rather than asking you to invent a spelling from a Roman label.[3]

Locate qaf in story

The dictionary supplies قصہ with a story or narrative sense. Locate ق at its beginning and preserve the following consonant and final he-shaped letter. Copy the whole headword and compare the initial with the displayed reference. In the exercise, choose the knowledge example by meaning and then confirm its first letter; spotting that each word has a curved beginning is not enough to identify the actual consonant.[4]

Your learning objective

Locate the target initials in علم, غریب and قصہ and identify the knowledge example.

Prerequisites: Complete Shahmukhi lesson 09 before this lesson. Level 10 · Shahmukhi.

Check your understanding

Which checked word means knowledge or learning?

Answer: علم. علم is the selected knowledge/learning word. غریب supplies the poor example and قصہ the story/narrative example.

Interactive feedback and progress appear when the tools load. Answer evidence: PH-LAN-0060-S2 PH-LAN-0060-S3 PH-LAN-0060-S4

Sources & notes

Source records include access dates and, where known, limits on what was examined. Checks used AI assistance; independent human or specialist review has not been completed.

  1. M. G. Abbas Malik; 27 th Internationalization and Unicode Conference, Berlin. Towards a Unicode Compatible Punjabi Character Set ↗primary conference paper · Source date: 2005-04 · Locator: Printed p 2, figure 1: isolated ع غ ق. Accessed 2026-11-01.Actual 9-page PDF inspected; printed pp 2–3 rendered and figures visually checked. Used for specified Punjabi-script observations, not its inconsistent early-history account or a claim that its 2005 proposed repertoire is current Unicode. Chart images are not reproduced.Return to Script form 1 ↑Return to The ghain dot, paragraph 1 ↑
  2. Kanwal Bashir and Abbas Kazmi; Dunwoody Press, hosted by University of Chicago Digital Dictionaries of South Asia. Punjabi-English Dictionary: ilm ↗authored Punjabi dictionary entry · Source date: 2012; digital data updated August 2023 · Locator: Printed p 418, علم headword, knowledge/learning sense 1; query ilm. Accessed 2026-11-01.Actual full primary entry body retrieved and the specified spelling, sense or example inspected. This dictionary explicitly targets Pakistani Punjabi; native forms are its published text, not an automatic conversion. Unrelated senses and news examples are not adopted. Roman query keys are index labels, not verified learner pronunciation. Return to Practice exercise ↑Return to Script form 2 ↑Return to Locate ain in knowledge, paragraph 1 ↑
  3. Kanwal Bashir and Abbas Kazmi; Dunwoody Press, hosted by University of Chicago Digital Dictionaries of South Asia. Punjabi-English Dictionary: Gariib ↗authored Punjabi dictionary entry · Source date: 2012; digital data updated August 2023 · Locator: Printed p 422, غریب headword, poor/impoverished sense 1. Accessed 2026-11-01.Actual full primary entry body retrieved and the specified spelling, sense or example inspected. This dictionary explicitly targets Pakistani Punjabi; native forms are its published text, not an automatic conversion. Unrelated senses and news examples are not adopted. Roman query keys are index labels, not verified learner pronunciation. Return to Practice exercise ↑Return to Script form 3 ↑Return to The ghain dot, paragraph 2 ↑
  4. Kanwal Bashir and Abbas Kazmi; Dunwoody Press, hosted by University of Chicago Digital Dictionaries of South Asia. Punjabi-English Dictionary: qissaa ↗authored Punjabi dictionary entry · Source date: 2012; digital data updated August 2023 · Locator: Printed p 439, قصہ headword, story/narrative sense 1. Accessed 2026-11-01.Actual full primary entry body retrieved and the specified spelling, sense or example inspected. This dictionary explicitly targets Pakistani Punjabi; native forms are its published text, not an automatic conversion. Unrelated senses and news examples are not adopted. Roman query keys are index labels, not verified learner pronunciation. Return to Practice exercise ↑Return to Script form 4 ↑Return to Locate qaf in story, paragraph 1 ↑
Help improve this entry. Suggest a correction with a source.
Record PH-LAN-0060 · English edition · human review not performed