Who made the record, and when?
Manuscripts, print and inscriptions
Follow five guides through manuscript colophons, printing evidence and shrine inscriptions, keeping copies, dates and attributions distinct.
5 entries · 10 min reading, calculated from article text
Use your browser’s print command for a copy of this reading list.
Your reading goal
Separate an author, scribe, printer and donor; identify whether a date belongs to a text, copy, building, dedication or later description.
- 01Collections · 2 min read
Sikh manuscripts: colophons and scribes
Read manuscript examples through authors, translators, copyists and later annotations, keeping colophon statements and modern catalogue descriptions distinct.
- 02Collections · 2 min read
Shahmukhi manuscripts: colophons and scribes
Follow catalogue language labels, a dated Punjabi copy and a manuscript comparison, keeping poets, scribes, checking dates and uncertain places distinct.
- 03Collections · 2 min read
Gurmukhi printing presses: surviving evidence
Compare surviving print records through two mission-press imprints and a typography study, separating book dates, credited roles and later reproductions.
- 04Collections · 2 min read
Shrine inscriptions in Punjab: reading and dating
Read shrine inscriptions through a Lahore survey and epigraphic guidance, distinguishing the recorded event, calendar system, physical setting and unread text.
- 05Collections · 2 min read
Gurdwara inscriptions: provenance and interpretation
Study Harmandir Sahib donor inscriptions through two field-research accounts, distinguishing dedication, memorial names, script, location and proposed dating.
A question to carry with you
Choose one claim from your reading. Identify its source and locator. What does that source directly establish, and what would need a second source?