First-row consonants
After the three bearers, the checked alphabet row continues with ਸ and ਹ. Compare these two consonant shapes carefully.[1]
Find ਸ in the word for snake
The university-hosted vocabulary entry supplies ਸੱਪ, the word for snake. Find ਸ at its beginning and compare that first letter with the isolated example. Look at the whole word before covering the meaning, then identify its beginning again. Keep the small mark above the word when copying it, even though its full purpose belongs to a later lesson. You can draw a small box around the initial ਸ while leaving every other character untouched. Recognising the first letter is the present task; you are not being asked to reconstruct the complete pronunciation from English letters.[2]
Find ਹ in the word for hand
Maya Singh’s 1895 dictionary records ਹੱਥ with the selected meaning hand. Its first letter is ਹ. Place the two checked words beside one another and locate the different first letters before consulting their meanings. Copy each word under its matching consonant. Then cover your notes and answer the exercise from the first character rather than the length of the word. Both examples contain further marks and letters that later lessons will explain; preserve those features rather than simplifying either spelling to fit what you already know.[3]
Your learning objective
Distinguish the first-row consonants ਸ and ਹ in the checked words ਸੱਪ and ਹੱਥ.
Prerequisites: Complete Gurmukhi lesson 02 before this lesson. Level 3 · Gurmukhi.
Check your understanding
Which checked word begins with ਹ?
Answer: ਹੱਥ. ਹੱਥ begins with ਹ. The other checked word, ਸੱਪ, begins with ਸ.
Interactive feedback and progress appear when the tools load. Answer evidence: PH-LAN-0033-S2 PH-LAN-0033-S3
Not marked complete on this device.
Sources & notes
Source records include access dates and, where known, limits on what was examined. Checks used AI assistance; independent human or specialist review has not been completed.
- Gurdev Singh; Sahit Kosh Paribhashak Shabdavali, Punjabi University. Punjabi reference entry: ਗੁਰਮੁਖੀ ਲਿਪੀ ↗institutional dictionary or authored reference entry · Source date: 2015-08-11 (online posting; print date not established) · Locator: Gurdev Singh entry: current alphabet-order table, row ੳ ਅ ੲ ਸ ਹ; web posting 11 August 2015. Accessed 2026-11-01.Actual named entry inspected in the university-hosted page. Other entries and reader comments on the aggregated topic page are not automatically adopted. No history, religious origin, blanket sound correspondence or unsupported pronunciation rule is adopted. Chart/typeface not reproduced as an image.Return to Script form 1 ↑Return to First-row consonants, paragraph 1 ↑
- Kirpal Kazak, Punjabi Sabhiachar Shabdavali Kosh; Punjabi University. Punjabi reference entry: ਸੱਪ ↗institutional dictionary or authored reference entry · Source date: 2014-01-24 · Locator: First block: heading, lexical definition, Kirpal Kazak attribution and 24 January 2014 posting; before Mahan Kosh and longer zoological entries. Accessed 2026-11-01.Actual complete named Kazak dictionary block inspected. Only the selected headword/gloss or spelling is used. Original copying, comparison and quiz instructions are not attributed as dictionary prose.Return to Practice exercise ↑Return to Script form 2 ↑Return to Find ਸ in the word for snake, paragraph 1 ↑
- Bhai Maya Singh; Munshi Gulab Singh & Sons. The Panjabi Dictionary (1895): ਹੱਥ ↗historical lexicon, inspected original 1895 text · Source date: 1895 · Locator: Original 1895 edition, printed 437, PDF 453 (one-based); left column, HATTH entry at bottom. Accessed 2026-11-01.The original printed entry and exact Gurmukhi headword were visually checked. Only the selected supported sense is used. Modern introductions, later additions and digital search results are not substituted for the printed entry.Return to Practice exercise ↑Return to Script form 3 ↑Return to Find ਹ in the word for hand, paragraph 1 ↑
Record PH-LAN-0033 · English edition · human review not performed