Notice a dot below the base letter

The Language Department’s encyclopedia explains the use of ਖ਼ for the Urdu KHE sound and displays a group of added letters with dots below their bases. Compare ਖ with ਖ਼: the small lower dot is part of the distinction. Keep it visible when copying a checked word. This lesson practises that written feature without assuming that every reader pronounces borrowed sounds identically.[1]

Keep the dot in the news word

The school dictionary records ਖ਼ਬਰ with a news or information sense. Its first letter is ਖ਼. Follow the rest of the word after locating the lower dot; concentrating on one feature should not make you omit the following letters. Copy the checked spelling, cover it, and compare your copy with the source again. If the dot has disappeared, restore it before marking the word as correctly copied.[2]

Find another added letter in land

The separate ਜ਼ਮੀਨ entry gives earth or land senses. This word begins with ਜ਼, another dotted letter, rather than ਖ਼. Place the two words side by side and locate the dot in each before identifying their different bases. Keep the vowel mark and final consonant in the land word as well. In the exercise, choose from the full checked spellings: the presence of a dot alone cannot decide the answer because both examples contain one.[3]

Your learning objective

Locate the added dot in ਖ਼ਬਰ and ਜ਼ਮੀਨ and distinguish their initial letters.

Prerequisites: Complete Gurmukhi lesson 09 before this lesson. Level 10 · Gurmukhi.

Check your understanding

Which checked word begins with ਜ਼?

Answer: ਜ਼ਮੀਨ. ਜ਼ਮੀਨ begins with ਜ਼. The news example ਖ਼ਬਰ begins with the different dotted letter ਖ਼.

Interactive feedback and progress appear when the tools load. Answer evidence: PH-LAN-0040-S2 PH-LAN-0040-S3

Sources & notes

Source records include access dates and, where known, limits on what was examined. Checks used AI assistance; independent human or specialist review has not been completed.

  1. Surinder Singh Kohli; Punjabi Vishav Kosh, volume 8, Punjab Language Department. Punjabi reference entry: ਖ ↗institutional dictionary or authored reference entry · Source date: 2015-10-03 · Locator: Encyclopedia entry: paragraph beginning Urdu KHE, and list ਸ਼ ਖ਼ ਗ਼ ਜ਼ ਫ਼; web posting 3 October 2015. Accessed 2026-11-01.Actual named entry inspected in the university-hosted page. Other entries and reader comments on the aggregated topic page are not automatically adopted. Only the dot-below convention and displayed added-letter examples used. Historical palaeography and blanket modern pronunciation claims are excluded.Return to Script form 1 ↑Return to Notice a dot below the base letter, paragraph 1 ↑
  2. Joga Singh, editor; Punjabi University Punjabi Kosh (school level). Punjabi reference entry: ਖ਼ਬਰ ↗institutional dictionary or authored reference entry · Source date: 2014-02-24 (online block; print-edition date not established) · Locator: Exact named school-level Punjabi Kosh block under ਖ਼ਬਰ, before its author/source/date footer; web posting 2014-02-24 (print publication date not established). Accessed 2026-11-01.Actual complete named school-dictionary block inspected. Selected headword/gloss supplies lexical facts; copying, recognition and quiz directions are original teaching material. Other works on the aggregate page are separately identified.Return to Practice exercise ↑Return to Script form 2 ↑Return to Keep the dot in the news word, paragraph 1 ↑
  3. Joga Singh, editor; Punjabi University Punjabi Kosh (school level). Punjabi reference entry: ਜ਼ਮੀਨ ↗institutional dictionary or authored reference entry · Source date: 2014-02-24 (online block; print-edition date not established) · Locator: Exact named school-level Punjabi Kosh block under ਜ਼ਮੀਨ, before its author/source/date footer; web posting 2014-02-24 (print publication date not established). Accessed 2026-11-01.Actual complete named school-dictionary block inspected. Selected headword/gloss supplies lexical facts; copying, recognition and quiz directions are original teaching material. Other works on the aggregate page are separately identified.Return to Practice exercise ↑Return to Script form 3 ↑Return to Find another added letter in land, paragraph 1 ↑
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Record PH-LAN-0040 · English edition · human review not performed