Finding waw

The dictionary’s vowel table uses waw in contexts including o, au and uu. Read the complete checked word rather than assigning every waw one identical value.[1]

The far entry supplies دور with a far or away sense. Find و inside the headword after its initial dal, then follow the final re. Copy the whole word and compare it with the marked reference in the source. Use the selected distance meaning as a memory cue while keeping the letter sequence intact. A later lesson returns to its printed short-vowel mark.[2]

Compare the easy example

The separate entry records سوکھا with easy, simple or convenient senses. Locate و after its initial seen and retain the following letters. Compare the whole checked word with the far example before copying it beside its meaning. Its vowel context is not established merely by saying that both words contain waw. The displayed marked form and the dictionary’s vowel table provide the relevant reference for this example.[3]

Follow waw through roti

The dictionary gives روٹی with a roti or unleavened-bread sense, alongside meal and food senses. Use the first sense here. Locate و after the initial re and preserve the following retroflex letter and final ye. Copy the full headword, then match each of the three examples with its selected meaning. The exercise asks for easy, so identify the complete word and check its waw rather than choosing whichever spelling first seems familiar.[4]

Your learning objective

Locate و in دور, سوکھا and روٹی and identify the checked easy example.

Prerequisites: Complete Shahmukhi lesson 12 before this lesson. Level 13 · Shahmukhi.

Check your understanding

Which checked word supplies the easy/simple example?

Answer: سوکھا. سوکھا is the selected easy/simple word. دور supplies the far example and روٹی the roti example.

Interactive feedback and progress appear when the tools load. Answer evidence: PH-LAN-0063-S2 PH-LAN-0063-S3 PH-LAN-0063-S4

Sources & notes

Source records include access dates and, where known, limits on what was examined. Checks used AI assistance; independent human or specialist review has not been completed.

  1. Kanwal Bashir and Abbas Kazmi; Dunwoody Press, University of Chicago digital edition. Punjabi-English Dictionary: front matter and pronunciation guide ↗dictionary teaching apparatus · Source date: 2012 · Locator: Printed p. vi, vowel table: waw in o, au and uu rows, including دور and سوکھا; printed p. v letter form. Accessed 2026-11-01.Actual 35-page PDF retrieved; specified printed pages read and letter/vowel tables rendered for visual inspection. The dictionary identifies Lahori and other variety-specific evidence; these are not flattened into universal spoken rules. English sound comparisons are not an audio assessment.Return to Script form 1 ↑Return to Finding waw, paragraph 1 ↑
  2. Kanwal Bashir and Abbas Kazmi; Dunwoody Press, hosted by University of Chicago Digital Dictionaries of South Asia. Punjabi-English Dictionary: duur ↗authored Punjabi dictionary entry · Source date: 2012; digital data updated August 2023 · Locator: Printed p 304, دور headword and marked دُور, far/away sense. Accessed 2026-11-01.Actual full primary entry body retrieved and the specified spelling, sense or example inspected. This dictionary explicitly targets Pakistani Punjabi; native forms are its published text, not an automatic conversion. Unrelated senses and news examples are not adopted. Roman query keys are index labels, not verified learner pronunciation. Return to Practice exercise ↑Return to Script form 2 ↑Return to Finding waw, paragraph 2 ↑
  3. Kanwal Bashir and Abbas Kazmi; Dunwoody Press, hosted by University of Chicago Digital Dictionaries of South Asia. Punjabi-English Dictionary: saukhaa ↗authored Punjabi dictionary entry · Source date: 2012; digital data updated August 2023 · Locator: Printed p 381, سوکھا headword and marked سَوکھا, easy/simple sense 1. Accessed 2026-11-01.Actual full primary entry body retrieved and the specified spelling, sense or example inspected. This dictionary explicitly targets Pakistani Punjabi; native forms are its published text, not an automatic conversion. Unrelated senses and news examples are not adopted. Roman query keys are index labels, not verified learner pronunciation. Return to Practice exercise ↑Return to Script form 3 ↑Return to Compare the easy example, paragraph 1 ↑
  4. Kanwal Bashir and Abbas Kazmi; Dunwoody Press, hosted by University of Chicago Digital Dictionaries of South Asia. Punjabi-English Dictionary: roṭii ↗authored Punjabi dictionary entry · Source date: 2012; digital data updated August 2023 · Locator: Printed p 336, روٹی headword, roti/unleavened-bread sense 1. Accessed 2026-11-01.Actual full primary entry body retrieved and the specified spelling, sense or example inspected. This dictionary explicitly targets Pakistani Punjabi; native forms are its published text, not an automatic conversion. Unrelated senses and news examples are not adopted. Roman query keys are index labels, not verified learner pronunciation. Return to Practice exercise ↑Return to Script form 4 ↑Return to Follow waw through roti, paragraph 1 ↑
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Record PH-LAN-0063 · English edition · human review not performed