Return to beh and peh in words

The child entry supplies بچہ. Find initial ب and keep its single dot visible when copying the complete word. Compare this beginning with the isolated reference form before following the remaining letters. Use the selected child sense for the vocabulary association rather than dropping unfamiliar parts of the headword.[2]

The separate entry records پانی for water. Its initial پ has three lower dots. Locate those dots before copying the whole word, including its final letter. Put this example beside the child word and verify that their different initial consonants remain distinct in your notes.[3]

Distinguish te from retroflex te

The dictionary gives تھاں with a place or space sense. Look at its first ت and notice the pair of dots above. Keep the following he-shaped component and the final mark-bearing letter when copying. Later lessons explain those features separately; they are already part of this real checked word.[4]

The tomato entry supplies ٹماٹر. Its first ٹ has the small upper marker shown in the isolated reference, rather than the pair of dots on ت. Copy the full word and compare its beginning with the place word’s beginning before checking the selected meanings.[5]

Check a complete spelling before choosing

Use the two checked ت/ٹ words for the exercise. Look at the initial upper feature, then follow the remaining letters to confirm which complete word you have selected. Preserve each source spelling rather than replacing it with an English t.[4][5]

Your learning objective

Distinguish the four target letters at the beginnings of the checked words, especially ت and ٹ.

Prerequisites: Complete Shahmukhi lesson 04 before this lesson. Level 5 · Shahmukhi.

Check your understanding

Which checked word begins with retroflex ٹ?

Answer: ٹماٹر. ٹماٹر begins with ٹ. The checked place word تھاں begins with ت, which has two upper dots.

Interactive feedback and progress appear when the tools load. Answer evidence: PH-LAN-0055-S4 PH-LAN-0055-S5

Sources & notes

Source records include access dates and, where known, limits on what was examined. Checks used AI assistance; independent human or specialist review has not been completed.

  1. M. G. Abbas Malik; 27 th Internationalization and Unicode Conference, Berlin. Towards a Unicode Compatible Punjabi Character Set ↗primary conference paper · Source date: 2005-04 · Locator: Printed p 2, figure 1: isolated ب پ ت ٹ; character identities only. Accessed 2026-11-01.Actual 9-page PDF inspected; printed pp 2–3 rendered and figures visually checked. Used for specified Punjabi-script observations, not its inconsistent early-history account or a claim that its 2005 proposed repertoire is current Unicode. Chart images are not reproduced.Return to Script form 1 ↑
  2. Kanwal Bashir and Abbas Kazmi; Dunwoody Press, hosted by University of Chicago Digital Dictionaries of South Asia. Punjabi-English Dictionary: baccah ↗authored Punjabi dictionary entry · Source date: 2012; digital data updated August 2023 · Locator: Printed p 92, بچہ headword, child sense 1. Accessed 2026-11-01.Actual full primary entry body retrieved and the specified spelling, sense or example inspected. This dictionary explicitly targets Pakistani Punjabi; native forms are its published text, not an automatic conversion. Unrelated senses and news examples are not adopted. Roman query keys are index labels, not verified learner pronunciation. Return to Script form 2 ↑Return to Return to beh and peh in words, paragraph 1 ↑
  3. Kanwal Bashir and Abbas Kazmi; Dunwoody Press, hosted by University of Chicago Digital Dictionaries of South Asia. Punjabi-English Dictionary: paanii ↗authored Punjabi dictionary entry · Source date: 2012; digital data updated August 2023 · Locator: Printed p 137, پانی headword, water sense. Accessed 2026-11-01.Actual full primary entry body retrieved and the specified spelling, sense or example inspected. This dictionary explicitly targets Pakistani Punjabi; native forms are its published text, not an automatic conversion. Unrelated senses and news examples are not adopted. Roman query keys are index labels, not verified learner pronunciation. Return to Script form 3 ↑Return to Return to beh and peh in words, paragraph 2 ↑
  4. Kanwal Bashir and Abbas Kazmi; Dunwoody Press, hosted by University of Chicago Digital Dictionaries of South Asia. Punjabi-English Dictionary: thaaN ↗authored Punjabi dictionary entry · Source date: 2012; digital data updated August 2023 · Locator: Printed p 194, تھاں headword, place/space sense 1. Accessed 2026-11-01.Actual full primary entry body retrieved and the specified spelling, sense or example inspected. This dictionary explicitly targets Pakistani Punjabi; native forms are its published text, not an automatic conversion. Unrelated senses and news examples are not adopted. Roman query keys are index labels, not verified learner pronunciation. Return to Practice exercise ↑Return to Script form 4 ↑Return to Distinguish te from retroflex te, paragraph 1 ↑Return to Check a complete spelling before choosing, paragraph 1 ↑
  5. Kanwal Bashir and Abbas Kazmi; Dunwoody Press, hosted by University of Chicago Digital Dictionaries of South Asia. Punjabi-English Dictionary: ṭamaaṭar ↗authored Punjabi dictionary entry · Source date: 2012; digital data updated August 2023 · Locator: Printed p 204, ٹماٹر headword, tomato sense. Accessed 2026-11-01.Actual full primary entry body retrieved and the specified spelling, sense or example inspected. This dictionary explicitly targets Pakistani Punjabi; native forms are its published text, not an automatic conversion. Unrelated senses and news examples are not adopted. Roman query keys are index labels, not verified learner pronunciation. Return to Practice exercise ↑Return to Script form 5 ↑Return to Distinguish te from retroflex te, paragraph 2 ↑Return to Check a complete spelling before choosing, paragraph 1 ↑
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Record PH-LAN-0055 · English edition · human review not performed